Robinets de mélangeur d'eau: Histoire des robinets de cuisine et de bain
Robinets de mélangeur d'eau, Histoire des robinets de cuisine et de bain. Systèmes de plomberiehave existed since ancient times. Environ 1700 AVANT JC., le palais minoen de Knossos sur l'île de Crète comportait des tuyaux en terre cuite qui fournissaient de l'eau pour les fontaines et les robinets en marbre, or, et argent. Lead pipe systems and personalbath roomsalso existed during the Roman period, d'environ 1000 C.-B.-A.D.. 476. Rome’s public baths also featured silver faucets, with other fixtures of marble and gold. By the fourth century A.D., Rome had 11 public baths, 1,352 public fountains and cisterns, et 856 private baths.
Plumbing systemshave changed drastically since then, including faucets. For many years, faucets came with two handles, one foreau froideand one for hot water. It wasn’t until 1937 that this design changed. That year, a college student named Al Moen living in Seattle, Washington, turned on the faucet to wash his hands and scalded them since the water was too hot. That set an idea in motion in Al Moen’s mind for the single-handle faucet.
Premier design de Moen était pour un robinet à double vanne avec une came pour contrôler les deux vannes. It was rejected by a major fixture manufacturer since the faucet wouldn’t work, and Moen then went to a cylindrical design. From that experience, he resolved to create a faucet that would give the user water at the desired temperature with a piston action. Between 1940 et 1945, he designed several faucets, finally selling the first single-handle mixing faucet in San Francisco in late 1947 to a local plumbing supplier. Par 1959, the Moen single-handle faucet was in hundreds of thousands of homes in the United States and sold in approximately 55 countries around the world. Aujourd'hui, singlehandle faucets are so popular that they can be found in over 40% of American homes.
Moen came up with a few other inventions during his life, including the replaceable cartridge (eliminating washers in faucets), the screen aerator, push-button shower valve diverter, swivel spray, pressure balancingdouchevalve, and flow control aerator. But Moen wasn’t the only one concerned with faucet improvements. Dans 1945, Landis H. Perry designed the first ball valve for faucets. Its objective was to provide a combined volume and blending control having a simple and effective means for sealing the valve element. The design also could be easily repaired.
A patent was issued for Perry’s ball valve in 1952. Shortly thereafter, Alex Manoogian purchased the rights to the patent and introduced the first Delta faucet in 1954. The Deltasingle-handle faucetwas the first to use a ball-valve design and it proved very successful. Par 1958, just four years after the product was unveiled, Delta’s sales topped $1 million.
À propos 20 years later, une ceramic discwas patented by Wolvering Brass for water control. Unlikecartridgesthat use rubber in the waterway, ceramicdiscs are lapped and polished to a degree of flatness that can only be measured in lightbands. Such discs last much longer due to their high wear resistance and provide more accurate control. These discs or valves are now in wide use.
Other recent innovations includebuilt-in filter cartridgesfor reducing chlorine, conduire, and cysts; built-in pullout sprays; faucets designed for people with disabilities; and electronic faucets. The latter were introduced in the early 1980s for conservation and hygienic purposes. Celles-ci robinetsare equipped with an infrared beam When a person puts their hands underneath the faucet, the beam is disrupted, which triggers the water to turn on. Battery-operatedrobinets électroniqueshave also become available in recent years.
